feat: Use error structs for errors returned in arg validation

args.go

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 package cobra
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 )
 
@@ -33,7 +32,11 @@ func legacyArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 
 	// root command with subcommands, do subcommand checking.
 	if !cmd.HasParent() && len(args) > 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unknown command %q for %q%s", args[0], cmd.CommandPath(), cmd.findSuggestions(args[0]))
+		return &UnknownSubcommandError{
+			cmd:         cmd,
+			subcmd:      args[0],
+			suggestions: cmd.findSuggestions(args[0]),
+		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -41,7 +44,11 @@ func legacyArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 // NoArgs returns an error if any args are included.
 func NoArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 	if len(args) > 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unknown command %q for %q", args[0], cmd.CommandPath())
+		return &UnknownSubcommandError{
+			cmd:         cmd,
+			subcmd:      args[0],
+			suggestions: "",
+		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -58,7 +65,11 @@ func OnlyValidArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 		}
 		for _, v := range args {
 			if !stringInSlice(v, validArgs) {
-				return fmt.Errorf("invalid argument %q for %q%s", v, cmd.CommandPath(), cmd.findSuggestions(args[0]))
+				return &InvalidArgValueError{
+					cmd:         cmd,
+					arg:         v,
+					suggestions: cmd.findSuggestions(args[0]),
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -74,7 +85,12 @@ func ArbitraryArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 func MinimumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
 	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 		if len(args) < n {
-			return fmt.Errorf("requires at least %d arg(s), only received %d", n, len(args))
+			return &InvalidArgCountError{
+				cmd:     cmd,
+				args:    args,
+				atLeast: n,
+				atMost:  -1,
+			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -84,7 +100,12 @@ func MinimumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
 func MaximumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
 	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 		if len(args) > n {
-			return fmt.Errorf("accepts at most %d arg(s), received %d", n, len(args))
+			return &InvalidArgCountError{
+				cmd:     cmd,
+				args:    args,
+				atLeast: -1,
+				atMost:  n,
+			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -94,7 +115,12 @@ func MaximumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
 func ExactArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
 	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 		if len(args) != n {
-			return fmt.Errorf("accepts %d arg(s), received %d", n, len(args))
+			return &InvalidArgCountError{
+				cmd:     cmd,
+				args:    args,
+				atLeast: n,
+				atMost:  n,
+			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -104,7 +130,12 @@ func ExactArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
 func RangeArgs(min int, max int) PositionalArgs {
 	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
 		if len(args) < min || len(args) > max {
-			return fmt.Errorf("accepts between %d and %d arg(s), received %d", min, max, len(args))
+			return &InvalidArgCountError{
+				cmd:     cmd,
+				args:    args,
+				atLeast: min,
+				atMost:  max,
+			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	}

errors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import "fmt"
+
+// InvalidArgCountError is the error returned when the wrong number of arguments
+// are supplied to a command.
+type InvalidArgCountError struct {
+	cmd     *Command
+	args    []string
+	atLeast int
+	atMost  int
+}
+
+// Error implements error.
+func (e *InvalidArgCountError) Error() string {
+	if e.atMost == -1 && e.atLeast >= 0 { // MinimumNArgs
+		return fmt.Sprintf("requires at least %d arg(s), only received %d", e.atLeast, len(e.args))
+	}
+
+	if e.atLeast == -1 && e.atMost >= 0 { // MaximumNArgs
+		return fmt.Sprintf("accepts at most %d arg(s), received %d", e.atMost, len(e.args))
+	}
+
+	if e.atLeast == e.atMost && e.atLeast != -1 { // ExactArgs
+		return fmt.Sprintf("accepts %d arg(s), received %d", e.atLeast, len(e.args))
+	}
+
+	// RangeArgs
+	return fmt.Sprintf("accepts between %d and %d arg(s), received %d", e.atLeast, e.atMost, len(e.args))
+}
+
+// InvalidArgCountError is the error returned an invalid argument is present.
+type InvalidArgValueError struct {
+	cmd         *Command
+	arg         string
+	suggestions string
+}
+
+// Error implements error.
+func (e *InvalidArgValueError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("invalid argument %q for %q%s", e.arg, e.cmd.CommandPath(), e.suggestions)
+}
+
+// UnknownSubcommandError is the error returned when a subcommand can not be
+// found.
+type UnknownSubcommandError struct {
+	cmd         *Command
+	subcmd      string
+	suggestions string
+}
+
+// Error implements error.
+func (e *UnknownSubcommandError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("unknown command %q for %q%s", e.subcmd, e.cmd.CommandPath(), e.suggestions)
+}