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@ -19,13 +19,34 @@ Many of the most widely used Go projects are built using Cobra including:
* [GiantSwarm's swarm](https://github.com/giantswarm/cli)
* [Nanobox](https://github.com/nanobox-io/nanobox)/[Nanopack](https://github.com/nanopack)
* [rclone](http://rclone.org/)
* [nehm](https://github.com/bogem/nehm)
* [Pouch](https://github.com/alibaba/pouch)
[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/spf13/cobra.svg "Travis CI status")](https://travis-ci.org/spf13/cobra)
[![CircleCI status](https://circleci.com/gh/spf13/cobra.png?circle-token=:circle-token "CircleCI status")](https://circleci.com/gh/spf13/cobra)
[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/spf13/cobra?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/spf13/cobra)
![cobra](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/173412/10911369/84832a8e-8212-11e5-9f82-cc96660a4794.gif)
# Table of Contents
- [Overview](#overview)
- [Concepts](#concepts)
* [Commands](#commands)
* [Flags](#flags)
- [Installing](#installing)
- [Getting Started](#getting-started)
* [Using the Cobra Generator](#using-the-cobra-generator)
* [Using the Cobra Library](#using-the-cobra-library)
* [Working with Flags](#working-with-flags)
* [Positional and Custom Arguments](#positional-and-custom-arguments)
* [Example](#example)
* [Help Command](#help-command)
* [Usage Message](#usage-message)
* [PreRun and PostRun Hooks](#prerun-and-postrun-hooks)
* [Suggestions when "unknown command" happens](#suggestions-when-unknown-command-happens)
* [Generating documentation for your command](#generating-documentation-for-your-command)
* [Generating bash completions](#generating-bash-completions)
- [Contributing](#contributing)
- [License](#license)
# Overview
@ -43,7 +64,6 @@ Cobra provides:
* Easy generation of applications & commands with `cobra init appname` & `cobra add cmdname`
* Intelligent suggestions (`app srver`... did you mean `app server`?)
* Automatic help generation for commands and flags
* Automatic detailed help for `app help [command]`
* Automatic help flag recognition of `-h`, `--help`, etc.
* Automatically generated bash autocomplete for your application
* Automatically generated man pages for your application
@ -51,16 +71,6 @@ Cobra provides:
* The flexibility to define your own help, usage, etc.
* Optional tight integration with [viper](http://github.com/spf13/viper) for 12-factor apps
Cobra has an exceptionally clean interface and simple design without needless
constructors or initialization methods.
Applications built with Cobra commands are designed to be as user-friendly as
possible. Flags can be placed before or after the command (as long as a
confusing space isn’t provided). Both short and long flags can be used. A
command need not even be fully typed. Help is automatically generated and
available for the application or for a specific command using either the help
command or the `--help` flag.
# Concepts
Cobra is built on a structure of commands, arguments & flags.
@ -93,20 +103,11 @@ have children commands and optionally run an action.
In the example above, 'server' is the command.
A Command has the following structure:
```go
type Command struct {
Use string // The one-line usage message.
Short string // The short description shown in the 'help' output.
Long string // The long message shown in the 'help <this-command>' output.
Run func(cmd *Command, args []string) // Run runs the command.
}
```
[More about cobra.Command](https://godoc.org/github.com/spf13/cobra#Command)
## Flags
A Flag is a way to modify the behavior of a command. Cobra supports
A flag is a way to modify the behavior of a command. Cobra supports
fully POSIX-compliant flags as well as the Go [flag package](https://golang.org/pkg/flag/).
A Cobra command can define flags that persist through to children commands
and flags that are only available to that command.
@ -117,14 +118,6 @@ Flag functionality is provided by the [pflag
library](https://github.com/spf13/pflag), a fork of the flag standard library
which maintains the same interface while adding POSIX compliance.
## Usage
Cobra works by creating a set of commands and then organizing them into a tree.
The tree defines the structure of the application.
Once each command is defined with its corresponding flags, then the
tree is assigned to the commander which is finally executed.
# Installing
Using Cobra is easy. First, use `go get` to install the latest version
of the library. This command will install the `cobra` generator executable
@ -166,10 +159,7 @@ import (
)
func main() {
if err := cmd.RootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
os.Exit(1)
}
cmd.Execute()
}
```
@ -178,113 +168,21 @@ func main() {
Cobra provides its own program that will create your application and add any
commands you want. It's the easiest way to incorporate Cobra into your application.
In order to use the cobra command, compile it using the following command:
[Here](https://github.com/spf13/cobra/blob/master/cobra/README.md) you can find more information about it.
go get github.com/spf13/cobra/cobra
## Using the Cobra Library
This will create the cobra executable under your `$GOPATH/bin` directory.
### cobra init
The `cobra init [yourApp]` command will create your initial application code
for you. It is a very powerful application that will populate your program with
the right structure so you can immediately enjoy all the benefits of Cobra. It
will also automatically apply the license you specify to your application.
Cobra init is pretty smart. You can provide it a full path, or simply a path
similar to what is expected in the import.
```
cobra init github.com/spf13/newAppName
```
### cobra add
Once an application is initialized Cobra can create additional commands for you.
Let's say you created an app and you wanted the following commands for it:
* app serve
* app config
* app config create
In your project directory (where your main.go file is) you would run the following:
```
cobra add serve
cobra add config
cobra add create -p 'configCmd'
```
*Note: Use camelCase (not snake_case/snake-case) for command names.
Otherwise, you will encounter errors.
For example, `cobra add add-user` is incorrect, but `cobra add addUser` is valid.*
Once you have run these three commands you would have an app structure similar to
the following:
```
▾ app/
▾ cmd/
serve.go
config.go
create.go
main.go
```
At this point you can run `go run main.go` and it would run your app. `go run
main.go serve`, `go run main.go config`, `go run main.go config create` along
with `go run main.go help serve`, etc. would all work.
Obviously you haven't added your own code to these yet. The commands are ready
for you to give them their tasks. Have fun!
### Configuring the cobra generator
The Cobra generator will be easier to use if you provide a simple configuration
file which will help you eliminate providing a bunch of repeated information in
flags over and over.
An example ~/.cobra.yaml file:
```yaml
author: Steve Francia <spf@spf13.com>
license: MIT
```
You can specify no license by setting `license` to `none` or you can specify
a custom license:
```yaml
license:
header: This file is part of {{ .appName }}.
text: |
{{ .copyright }}
This is my license. There are many like it, but this one is mine.
My license is my best friend. It is my life. I must master it as I must
master my life.
```
You can also use built-in licenses. For example, **GPLv2**, **GPLv3**, **LGPL**,
**AGPL**, **MIT**, **2-Clause BSD** or **3-Clause BSD**.
## Manually implementing Cobra
To manually implement Cobra you need to create a bare main.go file and a RootCmd file.
To manually implement Cobra you need to create a bare main.go file and a rootCmd file.
You will optionally provide additional commands as you see fit.
### Create the root command
The root command represents your binary itself.
#### Manually create rootCmd
### Create rootCmd
Cobra doesn't require any special constructors. Simply create your commands.
Ideally you place this in app/cmd/root.go:
```go
var RootCmd = &cobra.Command{
var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "hugo",
Short: "Hugo is a very fast static site generator",
Long: `A Fast and Flexible Static Site Generator built with
@ -312,22 +210,18 @@ import (
func init() {
cobra.OnInitialize(initConfig)
RootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&cfgFile, "config", "", "config file (default is $HOME/.cobra.yaml)")
RootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&projectBase, "projectbase", "b", "", "base project directory eg. github.com/spf13/")
RootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("author", "a", "YOUR NAME", "Author name for copyright attribution")
RootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&userLicense, "license", "l", "", "Name of license for the project (can provide `licensetext` in config)")
RootCmd.PersistentFlags().Bool("viper", true, "Use Viper for configuration")
viper.BindPFlag("author", RootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("author"))
viper.BindPFlag("projectbase", RootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("projectbase"))
viper.BindPFlag("useViper", RootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("viper"))
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&cfgFile, "config", "", "config file (default is $HOME/.cobra.yaml)")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&projectBase, "projectbase", "b", "", "base project directory eg. github.com/spf13/")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("author", "a", "YOUR NAME", "Author name for copyright attribution")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&userLicense, "license", "l", "", "Name of license for the project (can provide `licensetext` in config)")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Bool("viper", true, "Use Viper for configuration")
viper.BindPFlag("author", rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("author"))
viper.BindPFlag("projectbase", rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("projectbase"))
viper.BindPFlag("useViper", rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("viper"))
viper.SetDefault("author", "NAME HERE <EMAIL ADDRESS>")
viper.SetDefault("license", "apache")
}
func Execute() {
RootCmd.Execute()
}
func initConfig() {
// Don't forget to read config either from cfgFile or from home directory!
if cfgFile != "" {
@ -371,10 +265,7 @@ import (
)
func main() {
if err := cmd.RootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
os.Exit(1)
}
cmd.Execute()
}
```
@ -390,12 +281,13 @@ populate it with the following:
package cmd
import (
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
"fmt"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
func init() {
RootCmd.AddCommand(versionCmd)
rootCmd.AddCommand(versionCmd)
}
var versionCmd = &cobra.Command{
@ -408,30 +300,6 @@ var versionCmd = &cobra.Command{
}
```
### Attach command to its parent
If you notice in the above example we attach the command to its parent. In
this case the parent is the rootCmd. In this example we are attaching it to the
root, but commands can be attached at any level.
```go
RootCmd.AddCommand(versionCmd)
```
### Remove a command from its parent
Removing a command is not a common action in simple programs, but it allows 3rd
parties to customize an existing command tree.
In this example, we remove the existing `VersionCmd` command of an existing
root command, and we replace it with our own version:
```go
mainlib.RootCmd.RemoveCommand(mainlib.VersionCmd)
mainlib.RootCmd.AddCommand(versionCmd)
```
## Working with Flags
Flags provide modifiers to control how the action command operates.
@ -456,7 +324,7 @@ command it's assigned to as well as every command under that command. For
global flags, assign a flag as a persistent flag on the root.
```go
RootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&Verbose, "verbose", "v", false, "verbose output")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&Verbose, "verbose", "v", false, "verbose output")
```
### Local Flags
@ -464,7 +332,20 @@ RootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&Verbose, "verbose", "v", false, "verbose out
A flag can also be assigned locally which will only apply to that specific command.
```go
RootCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&Source, "source", "s", "", "Source directory to read from")
rootCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&Source, "source", "s", "", "Source directory to read from")
```
### Local Flag on Parent Commands
By default Cobra only parses local flags on the target command, any local flags on
parent commands are ignored. By enabling `Command.TraverseChildren` Cobra will
parse local flags on each command before executing the target command.
```go
command := cobra.Command{
Use: "print [OPTIONS] [COMMANDS]",
TraverseChildren: true,
}
```
### Bind Flags with Config
@ -474,8 +355,8 @@ You can also bind your flags with [viper](https://github.com/spf13/viper):
var author string
func init() {
RootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&author, "author", "YOUR NAME", "Author name for copyright attribution")
viper.BindPFlag("author", RootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("author"))
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&author, "author", "YOUR NAME", "Author name for copyright attribution")
viper.BindPFlag("author", rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("author"))
}
```
@ -487,32 +368,37 @@ More in [viper documentation](https://github.com/spf13/viper#working-with-flags)
## Positional and Custom Arguments
Validation of positional arguments can be specified using the `Args` field.
Validation of positional arguments can be specified using the `Args` field
of `Command`.
The follow validators are built in:
The following validators are built in:
- `NoArgs` - the command will report an error if there are any positional args.
- `ArbitraryArgs` - the command will accept any args.
- `OnlyValidArgs` - the command will report an error if there are any positional args that are not in the ValidArgs list.
- `OnlyValidArgs` - the command will report an error if there are any positional args that are not in the `ValidArgs` field of `Command`.
- `MinimumNArgs(int)` - the command will report an error if there are not at least N positional args.
- `MaximumNArgs(int)` - the command will report an error if there are more than N positional args.
- `ExactArgs(int)` - the command will report an error if there are not exactly N positional args.
- `RangeArgs(min, max)` - the command will report an error if the number of args is not between the minimum and maximum number of expected args.
A custom validator can be provided like this:
An example of setting the custom validator:
```go
Args: func validColorArgs(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
if err := cli.RequiresMinArgs(1)(cmd, args); err != nil {
return err
var cmd = &cobra.Command{
Short: "hello",
Args: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
if len(args) < 1 {
return errors.New("requires at least one arg")
}
if myapp.IsValidColor(args[0]) {
return nil
}
return fmt.Errorf("Invalid color specified: %s", args[0])
return fmt.Errorf("invalid color specified: %s", args[0])
},
Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
},
}
```
## Example
@ -537,15 +423,14 @@ import (
)
func main() {
var echoTimes int
var cmdPrint = &cobra.Command{
Use: "print [string to print]",
Short: "Print anything to the screen",
Long: `print is for printing anything back to the screen.
For many years people have printed back to the screen.
`,
For many years people have printed back to the screen.`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
fmt.Println("Print: " + strings.Join(args, " "))
},
@ -555,8 +440,8 @@ func main() {
Use: "echo [string to echo]",
Short: "Echo anything to the screen",
Long: `echo is for echoing anything back.
Echo works a lot like print, except it has a child command.
`,
Echo works a lot like print, except it has a child command.`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
fmt.Println("Print: " + strings.Join(args, " "))
},
@ -566,7 +451,8 @@ func main() {
Use: "times [# times] [string to echo]",
Short: "Echo anything to the screen more times",
Long: `echo things multiple times back to the user by providing
a count and a string.`,
a count and a string.`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
for i := 0; i < echoTimes; i++ {
fmt.Println("Echo: " + strings.Join(args, " "))
@ -585,7 +471,7 @@ func main() {
For a more complete example of a larger application, please checkout [Hugo](http://gohugo.io/).
## The Help Command
## Help Command
Cobra automatically adds a help command to your application when you have subcommands.
This will be called when a user runs 'app help'. Additionally, help will also
@ -598,60 +484,28 @@ create' is called. Every command will automatically have the '--help' flag adde
The following output is automatically generated by Cobra. Nothing beyond the
command and flag definitions are needed.
> hugo help
$ cobra help
hugo is the main command, used to build your Hugo site.
Hugo is a Fast and Flexible Static Site Generator
built with love by spf13 and friends in Go.
Complete documentation is available at http://gohugo.io/.
Cobra is a CLI library for Go that empowers applications.
This application is a tool to generate the needed files
to quickly create a Cobra application.
Usage:
hugo [flags]
hugo [command]
cobra [command]
Available Commands:
server Hugo runs its own webserver to render the files
version Print the version number of Hugo
config Print the site configuration
check Check content in the source directory
benchmark Benchmark hugo by building a site a number of times.
convert Convert your content to different formats
new Create new content for your site
list Listing out various types of content
undraft Undraft changes the content's draft status from 'True' to 'False'
genautocomplete Generate shell autocompletion script for Hugo
gendoc Generate Markdown documentation for the Hugo CLI.
genman Generate man page for Hugo
import Import your site from others.
add Add a command to a Cobra Application
help Help about any command
init Initialize a Cobra Application
Flags:
-b, --baseURL="": hostname (and path) to the root, e.g. http://spf13.com/
-D, --buildDrafts[=false]: include content marked as draft
-F, --buildFuture[=false]: include content with publishdate in the future
--cacheDir="": filesystem path to cache directory. Defaults: $TMPDIR/hugo_cache/
--canonifyURLs[=false]: if true, all relative URLs will be canonicalized using baseURL
--config="": config file (default is path/config.yaml|json|toml)
-d, --destination="": filesystem path to write files to
--disableRSS[=false]: Do not build RSS files
--disableSitemap[=false]: Do not build Sitemap file
--editor="": edit new content with this editor, if provided
--ignoreCache[=false]: Ignores the cache directory for reading but still writes to it
--log[=false]: Enable Logging
--logFile="": Log File path (if set, logging enabled automatically)
--noTimes[=false]: Don't sync modification time of files
--pluralizeListTitles[=true]: Pluralize titles in lists using inflect
--preserveTaxonomyNames[=false]: Preserve taxonomy names as written ("Gérard Depardieu" vs "gerard-depardieu")
-s, --source="": filesystem path to read files relative from
--stepAnalysis[=false]: display memory and timing of different steps of the program
-t, --theme="": theme to use (located in /themes/THEMENAME/)
--uglyURLs[=false]: if true, use /filename.html instead of /filename/
-v, --verbose[=false]: verbose output
--verboseLog[=false]: verbose logging
-w, --watch[=false]: watch filesystem for changes and recreate as needed
-a, --author string author name for copyright attribution (default "YOUR NAME")
--config string config file (default is $HOME/.cobra.yaml)
-h, --help help for cobra
-l, --license string name of license for the project
--viper use Viper for configuration (default true)
Use "hugo [command] --help" for more information about a command.
Use "cobra [command] --help" for more information about a command.
Help is just a command like any other. There is no special logic or behavior
@ -659,38 +513,18 @@ around it. In fact, you can provide your own if you want.
### Defining your own help
You can provide your own Help command or your own template for the default command to use.
The default help command is
You can provide your own Help command or your own template for the default command to use
with following functions:
```go
func (c *Command) initHelp() {
if c.helpCommand == nil {
c.helpCommand = &Command{
Use: "help [command]",
Short: "Help about any command",
Long: `Help provides help for any command in the application.
Simply type ` + c.Name() + ` help [path to command] for full details.`,
Run: c.HelpFunc(),
}
}
c.AddCommand(c.helpCommand)
}
```
You can provide your own command, function or template through the following methods:
```go
command.SetHelpCommand(cmd *Command)
command.SetHelpFunc(f func(*Command, []string))
command.SetHelpTemplate(s string)
cmd.SetHelpCommand(cmd *Command)
cmd.SetHelpFunc(f func(*Command, []string))
cmd.SetHelpTemplate(s string)
```
The latter two will also apply to any children commands.
## Usage
## Usage Message
When the user provides an invalid flag or invalid command, Cobra responds by
showing the user the 'usage'.
@ -699,71 +533,42 @@ showing the user the 'usage'.
You may recognize this from the help above. That's because the default help
embeds the usage as part of its output.
$ cobra --invalid
Error: unknown flag: --invalid
Usage:
hugo [flags]
hugo [command]
cobra [command]
Available Commands:
server Hugo runs its own webserver to render the files
version Print the version number of Hugo
config Print the site configuration
check Check content in the source directory
benchmark Benchmark hugo by building a site a number of times.
convert Convert your content to different formats
new Create new content for your site
list Listing out various types of content
undraft Undraft changes the content's draft status from 'True' to 'False'
genautocomplete Generate shell autocompletion script for Hugo
gendoc Generate Markdown documentation for the Hugo CLI.
genman Generate man page for Hugo
import Import your site from others.
add Add a command to a Cobra Application
help Help about any command
init Initialize a Cobra Application
Flags:
-b, --baseURL="": hostname (and path) to the root, e.g. http://spf13.com/
-D, --buildDrafts[=false]: include content marked as draft
-F, --buildFuture[=false]: include content with publishdate in the future
--cacheDir="": filesystem path to cache directory. Defaults: $TMPDIR/hugo_cache/
--canonifyURLs[=false]: if true, all relative URLs will be canonicalized using baseURL
--config="": config file (default is path/config.yaml|json|toml)
-d, --destination="": filesystem path to write files to
--disableRSS[=false]: Do not build RSS files
--disableSitemap[=false]: Do not build Sitemap file
--editor="": edit new content with this editor, if provided
--ignoreCache[=false]: Ignores the cache directory for reading but still writes to it
--log[=false]: Enable Logging
--logFile="": Log File path (if set, logging enabled automatically)
--noTimes[=false]: Don't sync modification time of files
--pluralizeListTitles[=true]: Pluralize titles in lists using inflect
--preserveTaxonomyNames[=false]: Preserve taxonomy names as written ("Gérard Depardieu" vs "gerard-depardieu")
-s, --source="": filesystem path to read files relative from
--stepAnalysis[=false]: display memory and timing of different steps of the program
-t, --theme="": theme to use (located in /themes/THEMENAME/)
--uglyURLs[=false]: if true, use /filename.html instead of /filename/
-v, --verbose[=false]: verbose output
--verboseLog[=false]: verbose logging
-w, --watch[=false]: watch filesystem for changes and recreate as needed
-a, --author string author name for copyright attribution (default "YOUR NAME")
--config string config file (default is $HOME/.cobra.yaml)
-h, --help help for cobra
-l, --license string name of license for the project
--viper use Viper for configuration (default true)
Use "cobra [command] --help" for more information about a command.
### Defining your own usage
You can provide your own usage function or template for Cobra to use.
The default usage function is:
```go
return func(c *Command) error {
err := tmpl(c.Out(), c.UsageTemplate(), c)
return err
}
```
Like help, the function and template are overridable through public methods:
```go
command.SetUsageFunc(f func(*Command) error)
command.SetUsageTemplate(s string)
cmd.SetUsageFunc(f func(*Command) error)
cmd.SetUsageTemplate(s string)
```
## PreRun or PostRun Hooks
## Version Flag
Cobra adds a top-level '--version' flag if the Version field is set on the root command.
Running an application with the '--version' flag will print the version to stdout using
the version template. The template can be customized using the
`cmd.SetVersionTemplate(s string)` function.
## PreRun and PostRun Hooks
It is possible to run functions before or after the main `Run` function of your command. The `PersistentPreRun` and `PreRun` functions will be executed before `Run`. `PersistentPostRun` and `PostRun` will be executed after `Run`. The `Persistent*Run` functions will be inherited by children if they do not declare their own. These functions are run in the following order:
@ -826,58 +631,26 @@ func main() {
rootCmd.AddCommand(subCmd)
rootCmd.SetArgs([]string{""})
_ = rootCmd.Execute()
fmt.Print("\n")
rootCmd.Execute()
fmt.Println()
rootCmd.SetArgs([]string{"sub", "arg1", "arg2"})
_ = rootCmd.Execute()
rootCmd.Execute()
}
```
Output:
```
Inside rootCmd PersistentPreRun with args: []
Inside rootCmd PreRun with args: []
Inside rootCmd Run with args: []
Inside rootCmd PostRun with args: []
Inside rootCmd PersistentPostRun with args: []
## Alternative Error Handling
Cobra also has functions where the return signature is an error. This allows for errors to bubble up to the top,
providing a way to handle the errors in one location. The current list of functions that return an error is:
* PersistentPreRunE
* PreRunE
* RunE
* PostRunE
* PersistentPostRunE
If you would like to silence the default `error` and `usage` output in favor of your own, you can set `SilenceUsage`
and `SilenceErrors` to `true` on the command. A child command respects these flags if they are set on the parent
command.
**Example Usage using RunE:**
```go
package main
import (
"errors"
"log"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
func main() {
var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "hugo",
Short: "Hugo is a very fast static site generator",
Long: `A Fast and Flexible Static Site Generator built with
love by spf13 and friends in Go.
Complete documentation is available at http://hugo.spf13.com`,
RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
// Do Stuff Here
return errors.New("some random error")
},
}
if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
Inside rootCmd PersistentPreRun with args: [arg1 arg2]
Inside subCmd PreRun with args: [arg1 arg2]
Inside subCmd Run with args: [arg1 arg2]
Inside subCmd PostRun with args: [arg1 arg2]
Inside subCmd PersistentPostRun with args: [arg1 arg2]
```
## Suggestions when "unknown command" happens
@ -920,51 +693,28 @@ Did you mean this?
Run 'kubectl help' for usage.
```
## Generating Markdown-formatted documentation for your command
## Generating documentation for your command
Cobra can generate a Markdown-formatted document based on the subcommands, flags, etc. A simple example of how to do this for your command can be found in [Markdown Docs](doc/md_docs.md).
Cobra can generate documentation based on subcommands, flags, etc. in the following formats:
## Generating man pages for your command
- [Markdown](doc/md_docs.md)
- [ReStructured Text](doc/rest_docs.md)
- [Man Page](doc/man_docs.md)
Cobra can generate a man page based on the subcommands, flags, etc. A simple example of how to do this for your command can be found in [Man Docs](doc/man_docs.md).
## Generating bash completions for your command
## Generating bash completions
Cobra can generate a bash-completion file. If you add more information to your command, these completions can be amazingly powerful and flexible. Read more about it in [Bash Completions](bash_completions.md).
## Debugging
Cobra provides a ‘DebugFlags’ method on a command which, when called, will print
out everything Cobra knows about the flags for each command.
### Example
```go
command.DebugFlags()
```
## Extensions
Libraries for extending Cobra:
* [cmdns](https://github.com/gosuri/cmdns): Enables name spacing a command's immediate children. It provides an alternative way to structure subcommands, similar to `heroku apps:create` and `ovrclk clusters:launch`.
## Contributing
# Contributing
1. Fork it
2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
5. Create new Pull Request
2. Download your fork to your PC (`git clone https://github.com/your_username/cobra && cd cobra`)
3. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
4. Make changes and add them (`git add .`)
5. Commit your changes (`git commit -m 'Add some feature'`)
6. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
7. Create new pull request
## Contributors
Names in no particular order:
* [spf13](https://github.com/spf13),
[eparis](https://github.com/eparis),
[bep](https://github.com/bep), and many more!
## License
# License
Cobra is released under the Apache 2.0 license. See [LICENSE.txt](https://github.com/spf13/cobra/blob/master/LICENSE.txt)

25
args.go
View file

@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ func legacyArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
return nil
}
// root command with subcommands, do subcommand checking
// root command with subcommands, do subcommand checking.
if !cmd.HasParent() && len(args) > 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("unknown command %q for %q%s", args[0], cmd.CommandPath(), cmd.findSuggestions(args[0]))
}
return nil
}
// NoArgs returns an error if any args are included
// NoArgs returns an error if any args are included.
func NoArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
if len(args) > 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("unknown command %q for %q", args[0], cmd.CommandPath())
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func NoArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
return nil
}
// OnlyValidArgs returns an error if any args are not in the list of ValidArgs
// OnlyValidArgs returns an error if any args are not in the list of ValidArgs.
func OnlyValidArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
if len(cmd.ValidArgs) > 0 {
for _, v := range args {
@ -43,21 +43,12 @@ func OnlyValidArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
return nil
}
func stringInSlice(a string, list []string) bool {
for _, b := range list {
if b == a {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// ArbitraryArgs never returns an error
// ArbitraryArgs never returns an error.
func ArbitraryArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
return nil
}
// MinimumNArgs returns an error if there is not at least N args
// MinimumNArgs returns an error if there is not at least N args.
func MinimumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
if len(args) < n {
@ -67,7 +58,7 @@ func MinimumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
}
}
// MaximumNArgs returns an error if there are more than N args
// MaximumNArgs returns an error if there are more than N args.
func MaximumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
if len(args) > n {
@ -77,7 +68,7 @@ func MaximumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
}
}
// ExactArgs returns an error if there are not exactly n args
// ExactArgs returns an error if there are not exactly n args.
func ExactArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
if len(args) != n {
@ -87,7 +78,7 @@ func ExactArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
}
}
// RangeArgs returns an error if the number of args is not within the expected range
// RangeArgs returns an error if the number of args is not within the expected range.
func RangeArgs(min int, max int) PositionalArgs {
return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
if len(args) < min || len(args) > max {

241
args_test.go Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
package cobra
import (
"strings"
"testing"
)
func TestNoArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
output, err := executeCommand(c)
if output != "" {
t.Errorf("Unexpected string: %v", output)
}
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}
func TestNoArgsWithArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
_, err := executeCommand(c, "illegal")
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("Expected an error")
}
got := err.Error()
expected := `unknown command "illegal" for "c"`
if got != expected {
t.Errorf("Expected: %q, got: %q", expected, got)
}
}
func TestOnlyValidArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{
Use: "c",
Args: OnlyValidArgs,
ValidArgs: []string{"one", "two"},
Run: emptyRun,
}
output, err := executeCommand(c, "one", "two")
if output != "" {
t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
}
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}
func TestOnlyValidArgsWithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{
Use: "c",
Args: OnlyValidArgs,
ValidArgs: []string{"one", "two"},
Run: emptyRun,
}
_, err := executeCommand(c, "three")
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("Expected an error")
}
got := err.Error()
expected := `invalid argument "three" for "c"`
if got != expected {
t.Errorf("Expected: %q, got: %q", expected, got)
}
}
func TestArbitraryArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: ArbitraryArgs, Run: emptyRun}
output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b")
if output != "" {
t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
}
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}
func TestMinimumNArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: MinimumNArgs(2), Run: emptyRun}
output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
if output != "" {
t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
}
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}
func TestMinimumNArgsWithLessArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: MinimumNArgs(2), Run: emptyRun}
_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("Expected an error")
}
got := err.Error()
expected := "requires at least 2 arg(s), only received 1"
if got != expected {
t.Fatalf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
}
}
func TestMaximumNArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: MaximumNArgs(3), Run: emptyRun}
output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b")
if output != "" {
t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
}
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}
func TestMaximumNArgsWithMoreArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: MaximumNArgs(2), Run: emptyRun}
_, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("Expected an error")
}
got := err.Error()
expected := "accepts at most 2 arg(s), received 3"
if got != expected {
t.Fatalf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
}
}
func TestExactArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: ExactArgs(3), Run: emptyRun}
output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
if output != "" {
t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
}
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}
func TestExactArgsWithInvalidCount(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: ExactArgs(2), Run: emptyRun}
_, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("Expected an error")
}
got := err.Error()
expected := "accepts 2 arg(s), received 3"
if got != expected {
t.Fatalf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
}
}
func TestRangeArgs(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: RangeArgs(2, 4), Run: emptyRun}
output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
if output != "" {
t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
}
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}
func TestRangeArgsWithInvalidCount(t *testing.T) {
c := &Command{Use: "c", Args: RangeArgs(2, 4), Run: emptyRun}
_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("Expected an error")
}
got := err.Error()
expected := "accepts between 2 and 4 arg(s), received 1"
if got != expected {
t.Fatalf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
}
}
func TestRootTakesNoArgs(t *testing.T) {
rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "illegal", "args")
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("Expected an error")
}
got := err.Error()
expected := `unknown command "illegal" for "root"`
if !strings.Contains(got, expected) {
t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
}
}
func TestRootTakesArgs(t *testing.T) {
rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: ArbitraryArgs, Run: emptyRun}
childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "legal", "args")
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}
func TestChildTakesNoArgs(t *testing.T) {
rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "illegal", "args")
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("Expected an error")
}
got := err.Error()
expected := `unknown command "illegal" for "root child"`
if !strings.Contains(got, expected) {
t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
}
}
func TestChildTakesArgs(t *testing.T) {
rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Args: ArbitraryArgs, Run: emptyRun}
rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "legal", "args")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
}
}

38
bash_completions.go
View file

@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ __handle_reply()
cur="${cur#*=}"
${flags_completion[${index}]}
if [ -n "${ZSH_VERSION}" ]; then
# zfs completion needs --flag= prefix
# zsh completion needs --flag= prefix
eval "COMPREPLY=( \"\${COMPREPLY[@]/#/${flag}=}\" )"
fi
fi
@ -463,14 +463,14 @@ func gen(buf *bytes.Buffer, cmd *Command) {
}
// GenBashCompletion generates bash completion file and writes to the passed writer.
func (cmd *Command) GenBashCompletion(w io.Writer) error {
func (c *Command) GenBashCompletion(w io.Writer) error {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
writePreamble(buf, cmd.Name())
if len(cmd.BashCompletionFunction) > 0 {
buf.WriteString(cmd.BashCompletionFunction + "\n")
writePreamble(buf, c.Name())
if len(c.BashCompletionFunction) > 0 {
buf.WriteString(c.BashCompletionFunction + "\n")
}
gen(buf, cmd)
writePostscript(buf, cmd.Name())
gen(buf, c)
writePostscript(buf, c.Name())
_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
return err
@ -481,24 +481,24 @@ func nonCompletableFlag(flag *pflag.Flag) bool {
}
// GenBashCompletionFile generates bash completion file.
func (cmd *Command) GenBashCompletionFile(filename string) error {
func (c *Command) GenBashCompletionFile(filename string) error {
outFile, err := os.Create(filename)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer outFile.Close()
return cmd.GenBashCompletion(outFile)
return c.GenBashCompletion(outFile)
}
// MarkFlagRequired adds the BashCompOneRequiredFlag annotation to the named flag, if it exists.
func (cmd *Command) MarkFlagRequired(name string) error {
return MarkFlagRequired(cmd.Flags(), name)
func (c *Command) MarkFlagRequired(name string) error {
return MarkFlagRequired(c.Flags(), name)
}
// MarkPersistentFlagRequired adds the BashCompOneRequiredFlag annotation to the named persistent flag, if it exists.
func (cmd *Command) MarkPersistentFlagRequired(name string) error {
return MarkFlagRequired(cmd.PersistentFlags(), name)
func (c *Command) MarkPersistentFlagRequired(name string) error {
return MarkFlagRequired(c.PersistentFlags(), name)
}
// MarkFlagRequired adds the BashCompOneRequiredFlag annotation to the named flag in the flag set, if it exists.
@ -508,20 +508,20 @@ func MarkFlagRequired(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string) error {
// MarkFlagFilename adds the BashCompFilenameExt annotation to the named flag, if it exists.
// Generated bash autocompletion will select filenames for the flag, limiting to named extensions if provided.
func (cmd *Command) MarkFlagFilename(name string, extensions ...string) error {
return MarkFlagFilename(cmd.Flags(), name, extensions...)
func (c *Command) MarkFlagFilename(name string, extensions ...string) error {
return MarkFlagFilename(c.Flags(), name, extensions...)
}
// MarkFlagCustom adds the BashCompCustom annotation to the named flag, if it exists.
// Generated bash autocompletion will call the bash function f for the flag.
func (cmd *Command) MarkFlagCustom(name string, f string) error {
return MarkFlagCustom(cmd.Flags(), name, f)
func (c *Command) MarkFlagCustom(name string, f string) error {
return MarkFlagCustom(c.Flags(), name, f)
}
// MarkPersistentFlagFilename adds the BashCompFilenameExt annotation to the named persistent flag, if it exists.
// Generated bash autocompletion will select filenames for the flag, limiting to named extensions if provided.
func (cmd *Command) MarkPersistentFlagFilename(name string, extensions ...string) error {
return MarkFlagFilename(cmd.PersistentFlags(), name, extensions...)
func (c *Command) MarkPersistentFlagFilename(name string, extensions ...string) error {
return MarkFlagFilename(c.PersistentFlags(), name, extensions...)
}
// MarkFlagFilename adds the BashCompFilenameExt annotation to the named flag in the flag set, if it exists.

216
bash_completions_test.go
View file

@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ import (
func checkOmit(t *testing.T, found, unexpected string) {
if strings.Contains(found, unexpected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nGot: %q\nBut should not have!\n", unexpected)
t.Errorf("Got: %q\nBut should not have!\n", unexpected)
}
}
func check(t *testing.T, found, expected string) {
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
t.Errorf("Expecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
}
@ -33,162 +33,164 @@ func runShellCheck(s string) error {
return err
}
go func() {
defer stdin.Close()
stdin.Write([]byte(s))
stdin.Close()
}()
return cmd.Run()
}
// World worst custom function, just keep telling you to enter hello!
const (
bashCompletionFunc = `__custom_func() {
COMPREPLY=( "hello" )
const bashCompletionFunc = `__custom_func() {
COMPREPLY=( "hello" )
}
`
)
func TestBashCompletions(t *testing.T) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes)
c.AddCommand(cmdEcho, cmdPrint, cmdDeprecated, cmdColon)
rootCmd := &Command{
Use: "root",
ArgAliases: []string{"pods", "nodes", "services", "replicationcontrollers", "po", "no", "svc", "rc"},
ValidArgs: []string{"pod", "node", "service", "replicationcontroller"},
BashCompletionFunction: bashCompletionFunc,
Run: emptyRun,
}
rootCmd.Flags().IntP("introot", "i", -1, "help message for flag introot")
rootCmd.MarkFlagRequired("introot")
// custom completion function
c.BashCompletionFunction = bashCompletionFunc
// Filename.
rootCmd.Flags().String("filename", "", "Enter a filename")
rootCmd.MarkFlagFilename("filename", "json", "yaml", "yml")
// required flag
c.MarkFlagRequired("introot")
// Persistent filename.
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().String("persistent-filename", "", "Enter a filename")
rootCmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("persistent-filename")
rootCmd.MarkPersistentFlagRequired("persistent-filename")
// valid nouns
validArgs := []string{"pod", "node", "service", "replicationcontroller"}
c.ValidArgs = validArgs
// Filename extensions.
rootCmd.Flags().String("filename-ext", "", "Enter a filename (extension limited)")
rootCmd.MarkFlagFilename("filename-ext")
rootCmd.Flags().String("custom", "", "Enter a filename (extension limited)")
rootCmd.MarkFlagCustom("custom", "__complete_custom")
// noun aliases
argAliases := []string{"pods", "nodes", "services", "replicationcontrollers", "po", "no", "svc", "rc"}
c.ArgAliases = argAliases
// Subdirectories in a given directory.
rootCmd.Flags().String("theme", "", "theme to use (located in /themes/THEMENAME/)")
rootCmd.Flags().SetAnnotation("theme", BashCompSubdirsInDir, []string{"themes"})
// filename
var flagval string
c.Flags().StringVar(&flagval, "filename", "", "Enter a filename")
c.MarkFlagFilename("filename", "json", "yaml", "yml")
echoCmd := &Command{
Use: "echo [string to echo]",
Aliases: []string{"say"},
Short: "Echo anything to the screen",
Long: "an utterly useless command for testing.",
Example: "Just run cobra-test echo",
Run: emptyRun,
}
// persistent filename
var flagvalPersistent string
c.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&flagvalPersistent, "persistent-filename", "", "Enter a filename")
c.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("persistent-filename")
c.MarkPersistentFlagRequired("persistent-filename")
printCmd := &Command{
Use: "print [string to print]",
Args: MinimumNArgs(1),
Short: "Print anything to the screen",
Long: "an absolutely utterly useless command for testing.",
Run: emptyRun,
}
// filename extensions
var flagvalExt string
c.Flags().StringVar(&flagvalExt, "filename-ext", "", "Enter a filename (extension limited)")
c.MarkFlagFilename("filename-ext")
deprecatedCmd := &Command{
Use: "deprecated [can't do anything here]",
Args: NoArgs,
Short: "A command which is deprecated",
Long: "an absolutely utterly useless command for testing deprecation!.",
Deprecated: "Please use echo instead",
Run: emptyRun,
}
// filename extensions
var flagvalCustom string
c.Flags().StringVar(&flagvalCustom, "custom", "", "Enter a filename (extension limited)")
c.MarkFlagCustom("custom", "__complete_custom")
colonCmd := &Command{
Use: "cmd:colon",
Run: emptyRun,
}
// subdirectories in a given directory
var flagvalTheme string
c.Flags().StringVar(&flagvalTheme, "theme", "", "theme to use (located in /themes/THEMENAME/)")
c.Flags().SetAnnotation("theme", BashCompSubdirsInDir, []string{"themes"})
timesCmd := &Command{
Use: "times [# times] [string to echo]",
SuggestFor: []string{"counts"},
Args: OnlyValidArgs,
ValidArgs: []string{"one", "two", "three", "four"},
Short: "Echo anything to the screen more times",
Long: "a slightly useless command for testing.",
Run: emptyRun,
}
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
c.GenBashCompletion(out)
str := out.String()
echoCmd.AddCommand(timesCmd)
rootCmd.AddCommand(echoCmd, printCmd, deprecatedCmd, colonCmd)
check(t, str, "_cobra-test")
check(t, str, "_cobra-test_echo")
check(t, str, "_cobra-test_echo_times")
check(t, str, "_cobra-test_print")
check(t, str, "_cobra-test_cmd__colon")
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
rootCmd.GenBashCompletion(buf)
output := buf.String()
check(t, output, "_root")
check(t, output, "_root_echo")
check(t, output, "_root_echo_times")
check(t, output, "_root_print")
check(t, output, "_root_cmd__colon")
// check for required flags
check(t, str, `must_have_one_flag+=("--introot=")`)
check(t, str, `must_have_one_flag+=("--persistent-filename=")`)
check(t, output, `must_have_one_flag+=("--introot=")`)
check(t, output, `must_have_one_flag+=("--persistent-filename=")`)
// check for custom completion function
check(t, str, `COMPREPLY=( "hello" )`)
check(t, output, `COMPREPLY=( "hello" )`)
// check for required nouns
check(t, str, `must_have_one_noun+=("pod")`)
check(t, output, `must_have_one_noun+=("pod")`)
// check for noun aliases
check(t, str, `noun_aliases+=("pods")`)
check(t, str, `noun_aliases+=("rc")`)
checkOmit(t, str, `must_have_one_noun+=("pods")`)
check(t, output, `noun_aliases+=("pods")`)
check(t, output, `noun_aliases+=("rc")`)
checkOmit(t, output, `must_have_one_noun+=("pods")`)
// check for filename extension flags
check(t, str, `flags_completion+=("_filedir")`)
check(t, output, `flags_completion+=("_filedir")`)
// check for filename extension flags
check(t, str, `must_have_one_noun+=("three")`)
// check for filename extention flags
check(t, str, `flags_completion+=("__handle_filename_extension_flag json|yaml|yml")`)
check(t, output, `must_have_one_noun+=("three")`)
// check for filename extension flags
check(t, output, `flags_completion+=("__handle_filename_extension_flag json|yaml|yml")`)
// check for custom flags
check(t, str, `flags_completion+=("__complete_custom")`)
check(t, output, `flags_completion+=("__complete_custom")`)
// check for subdirs_in_dir flags
check(t, str, `flags_completion+=("__handle_subdirs_in_dir_flag themes")`)
check(t, output, `flags_completion+=("__handle_subdirs_in_dir_flag themes")`)
checkOmit(t, str, cmdDeprecated.Name())
checkOmit(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Name())
// if available, run shellcheck against the script
// If available, run shellcheck against the script.
if err := exec.Command("which", "shellcheck").Run(); err != nil {
return
}
err := runShellCheck(str)
if err != nil {
if err := runShellCheck(output); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("shellcheck failed: %v", err)
}
}
func TestBashCompletionHiddenFlag(t *testing.T) {
var cmdTrue = &Command{
Use: "does nothing",
Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {},
}
c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
const flagName = "hidden-foo-bar-baz"
const flagName = "hiddenFlag"
c.Flags().Bool(flagName, false, "")
c.Flags().MarkHidden(flagName)
var flagValue bool
cmdTrue.Flags().BoolVar(&flagValue, flagName, false, "hidden flag")
cmdTrue.Flags().MarkHidden(flagName)
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
c.GenBashCompletion(buf)
output := buf.String()
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
cmdTrue.GenBashCompletion(out)
bashCompletion := out.String()
if strings.Contains(bashCompletion, flagName) {
t.Errorf("expected completion to not include %q flag: Got %v", flagName, bashCompletion)
if strings.Contains(output, flagName) {
t.Errorf("Expected completion to not include %q flag: Got %v", flagName, output)
}
}
func TestBashCompletionDeprecatedFlag(t *testing.T) {
var cmdTrue = &Command{
Use: "does nothing",
Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {},
}
c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
const flagName = "deprecated-foo-bar-baz"
var flagValue bool
cmdTrue.Flags().BoolVar(&flagValue, flagName, false, "hidden flag")
cmdTrue.Flags().MarkDeprecated(flagName, "use --does-not-exist instead")
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
cmdTrue.GenBashCompletion(out)
bashCompletion := out.String()
if strings.Contains(bashCompletion, flagName) {
t.Errorf("expected completion to not include %q flag: Got %v", flagName, bashCompletion)
}
}
func BenchmarkBashCompletion(b *testing.B) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes)
c.AddCommand(cmdEcho, cmdPrint, cmdDeprecated, cmdColon)
const flagName = "deprecated-flag"
c.Flags().Bool(flagName, false, "")
c.Flags().MarkDeprecated(flagName, "use --not-deprecated instead")
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
c.GenBashCompletion(buf)
output := buf.String()
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
buf.Reset()
if err := c.GenBashCompletion(buf); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
if strings.Contains(output, flagName) {
t.Errorf("expected completion to not include %q flag: Got %v", flagName, output)
}
}

12
cobra.go
View file

@ -70,7 +70,8 @@ func AddTemplateFuncs(tmplFuncs template.FuncMap) {
}
}
// OnInitialize takes a series of func() arguments and appends them to a slice of func().
// OnInitialize sets the passed functions to be run when each command's
// Execute method is called.
func OnInitialize(y ...func()) {
initializers = append(initializers, y...)
}
@ -188,3 +189,12 @@ func ld(s, t string, ignoreCase bool) int {
}
return d[len(s)][len(t)]
}
func stringInSlice(a string, list []string) bool {
for _, b := range list {
if b == a {
return true
}
}
return false
}

94
cobra/README.md Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
# Cobra Generator
Cobra provides its own program that will create your application and add any
commands you want. It's the easiest way to incorporate Cobra into your application.
In order to use the cobra command, compile it using the following command:
go get github.com/spf13/cobra/cobra
This will create the cobra executable under your `$GOPATH/bin` directory.
### cobra init
The `cobra init [app]` command will create your initial application code
for you. It is a very powerful application that will populate your program with
the right structure so you can immediately enjoy all the benefits of Cobra. It
will also automatically apply the license you specify to your application.
Cobra init is pretty smart. You can provide it a full path, or simply a path
similar to what is expected in the import.
```
cobra init github.com/spf13/newApp
```
### cobra add
Once an application is initialized, Cobra can create additional commands for you.
Let's say you created an app and you wanted the following commands for it:
* app serve
* app config
* app config create
In your project directory (where your main.go file is) you would run the following:
```
cobra add serve
cobra add config
cobra add create -p 'configCmd'
```
*Note: Use camelCase (not snake_case/snake-case) for command names.
Otherwise, you will encounter errors.
For example, `cobra add add-user` is incorrect, but `cobra add addUser` is valid.*
Once you have run these three commands you would have an app structure similar to
the following:
```
▾ app/
▾ cmd/
serve.go
config.go
create.go
main.go
```
At this point you can run `go run main.go` and it would run your app. `go run
main.go serve`, `go run main.go config`, `go run main.go config create` along
with `go run main.go help serve`, etc. would all work.
Obviously you haven't added your own code to these yet. The commands are ready
for you to give them their tasks. Have fun!
### Configuring the cobra generator
The Cobra generator will be easier to use if you provide a simple configuration
file which will help you eliminate providing a bunch of repeated information in
flags over and over.
An example ~/.cobra.yaml file:
```yaml
author: Steve Francia <spf@spf13.com>
license: MIT
```
You can specify no license by setting `license` to `none` or you can specify
a custom license:
```yaml
license:
header: This file is part of {{ .appName }}.
text: |
{{ .copyright }}
This is my license. There are many like it, but this one is mine.
My license is my best friend. It is my life. I must master it as I must
master my life.
```
You can also use built-in licenses. For example, **GPLv2**, **GPLv3**, **LGPL**,
**AGPL**, **MIT**, **2-Clause BSD** or **3-Clause BSD**.

4
cobra/cmd/add.go
View file

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import (
func init() {
addCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&packageName, "package", "t", "", "target package name (e.g. github.com/spf13/hugo)")
addCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&parentName, "parent", "p", "RootCmd", "name of parent command for this command")
addCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&parentName, "parent", "p", "rootCmd", "variable name of parent command for this command")
}
var packageName, parentName string
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ var addCmd = &cobra.Command{
Short: "Add a command to a Cobra Application",
Long: `Add (cobra add) will create a new command, with a license and
the appropriate structure for a Cobra-based CLI application,
and register it to its parent (default RootCmd).
and register it to its parent (default rootCmd).
If you want your command to be public, pass in the command name
with an initial uppercase letter.

6
cobra/cmd/add_test.go
View file

@ -18,9 +18,6 @@ import (
func TestGoldenAddCmd(t *testing.T) {
projectName := "github.com/spf13/testproject"
project := NewProject(projectName)
// Initialize the project at first.
initializeProject(project)
defer os.RemoveAll(project.AbsPath())
viper.Set("author", "NAME HERE <EMAIL ADDRESS>")
@ -30,6 +27,9 @@ func TestGoldenAddCmd(t *testing.T) {
defer viper.Set("license", nil)
defer viper.Set("year", nil)
// Initialize the project first.
initializeProject(project)
// Then add the "test" command.
cmdName := "test"
cmdPath := filepath.Join(project.CmdPath(), cmdName+".go")

21
cobra/cmd/helpers.go
View file

@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
"fmt"
"io"
"os"
"os/exec"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"text/template"
@ -30,9 +31,29 @@ func init() {
// Initialize srcPaths.
envGoPath := os.Getenv("GOPATH")
goPaths := filepath.SplitList(envGoPath)
if len(goPaths) == 0 {
// Adapted from https://github.com/Masterminds/glide/pull/798/files.
// As of Go 1.8 the GOPATH is no longer required to be set. Instead there
// is a default value. If there is no GOPATH check for the default value.
// Note, checking the GOPATH first to avoid invoking the go toolchain if
// possible.
goExecutable := os.Getenv("COBRA_GO_EXECUTABLE")
if len(goExecutable) <= 0 {
goExecutable = "go"
}
out, err := exec.Command(goExecutable, "env", "GOPATH").Output()
if err != nil {
er(err)
}
toolchainGoPath := strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
goPaths = filepath.SplitList(toolchainGoPath)
if len(goPaths) == 0 {
er("$GOPATH is not set")
}
}
srcPaths = make([]string, 0, len(goPaths))
for _, goPath := range goPaths {
srcPaths = append(srcPaths, filepath.Join(goPath, "src"))

8
cobra/cmd/init.go
View file

@ -159,8 +159,8 @@ var ({{if .viper}}
Environ environ.Environ
)
// RootCmd represents the base command when called without any subcommands
var RootCmd = &cobra.Command{
// rootCmd represents the base command when called without any subcommands
var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: ApplicationName,
Short: "A brief description of your application",
Long: ` + "`" + `A longer description that spans multiple lines and likely contains
@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ to quickly create a Cobra application.` + "`" + `,
// Execute adds all child commands to the root command and sets flags appropriately.
// This is called by main.main(). It only needs to happen once to the rootCmd.
func Execute() {
if err := RootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
os.Exit(1)
}
@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ func init() {
// Cobra also supports local flags, which will only run
// when this action is called directly.
RootCmd.Flags().BoolP("toggle", "t", false, "Help message for toggle")
rootCmd.Flags().BoolP("toggle", "t", false, "Help message for toggle")
}{{ if .viper }}
// initConfig reads in config file and ENV variables if set.

2
cobra/cmd/licenses.go
View file

@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func getLicense() License {
// If user wants to have custom license, use that.
if viper.IsSet("license.header") || viper.IsSet("license.text") {
return License{Header: viper.GetString("license.header"),
Text: "license.text"}
Text: viper.GetString("license.text")}
}
// If user wants to have built-in license, use that.

10
cobra/cmd/testdata/root.go.golden vendored
View file

@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ import (
var cfgFile string
// RootCmd represents the base command when called without any subcommands
var RootCmd = &cobra.Command{
// rootCmd represents the base command when called without any subcommands
var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "testproject",
Short: "A brief description of your application",
Long: `A longer description that spans multiple lines and likely contains
@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ to quickly create a Cobra application.`,
// Execute adds all child commands to the root command and sets flags appropriately.
// This is called by main.main(). It only needs to happen once to the rootCmd.
func Execute() {
if err := RootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
os.Exit(1)
}
@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ func init() {
// Here you will define your flags and configuration settings.
// Cobra supports persistent flags, which, if defined here,
// will be global for your application.
RootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&cfgFile, "config", "", "config file (default is $HOME/.testproject.yaml)")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&cfgFile, "config", "", "config file (default is $HOME/.testproject.yaml)")
// Cobra also supports local flags, which will only run
// when this action is called directly.
RootCmd.Flags().BoolP("toggle", "t", false, "Help message for toggle")
rootCmd.Flags().BoolP("toggle", "t", false, "Help message for toggle")
}
// initConfig reads in config file and ENV variables if set.

2
cobra/cmd/testdata/test.go.golden vendored
View file

@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ to quickly create a Cobra application.`,
}
func init() {
RootCmd.AddCommand(testCmd)
rootCmd.AddCommand(testCmd)
// Here you will define your flags and configuration settings.

1228
cobra_test.go
View file

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load diff

262
command.go
View file

@ -54,13 +54,14 @@ type Command struct {
// ValidArgs is list of all valid non-flag arguments that are accepted in bash completions
ValidArgs []string
// Expected arguments
Args PositionalArgs
// ArgAliases is List of aliases for ValidArgs.
// These are not suggested to the user in the bash completion,
// but accepted if entered manually.
ArgAliases []string
// Expected arguments
Args PositionalArgs
// BashCompletionFunction is custom functions used by the bash autocompletion generator.
BashCompletionFunction string
@ -74,6 +75,11 @@ type Command struct {
// group commands.
Annotations map[string]string
// Version defines the version for this command. If this value is non-empty and the command does not
// define a "version" flag, a "version" boolean flag will be added to the command and, if specified,
// will print content of the "Version" variable.
Version string
// The *Run functions are executed in the following order:
// * PersistentPreRun()
// * PreRun()
@ -117,6 +123,10 @@ type Command struct {
// will be printed by generating docs for this command.
DisableAutoGenTag bool
// DisableFlagsInUseLine will disable the addition of [flags] to the usage
// line of a command when printing help or generating docs
DisableFlagsInUseLine bool
// DisableSuggestions disables the suggestions based on Levenshtein distance
// that go along with 'unknown command' messages.
DisableSuggestions bool
@ -124,8 +134,9 @@ type Command struct {
// Must be > 0.
SuggestionsMinimumDistance int
// name is the command name, usually the executable's name.
name string
// TraverseChildren parses flags on all parents before executing child command.
TraverseChildren bool
// commands is the list of commands supported by this program.
commands []*Command
// parent is a parent command for this command.
@ -171,6 +182,8 @@ type Command struct {
// helpCommand is command with usage 'help'. If it's not defined by user,
// cobra uses default help command.
helpCommand *Command
// versionTemplate is the version template defined by user.
versionTemplate string
}
// SetArgs sets arguments for the command. It is set to os.Args[1:] by default, if desired, can be overridden
@ -216,6 +229,11 @@ func (c *Command) SetHelpTemplate(s string) {
c.helpTemplate = s
}
// SetVersionTemplate sets version template to be used. Application can use it to set custom template.
func (c *Command) SetVersionTemplate(s string) {
c.versionTemplate = s
}
// SetGlobalNormalizationFunc sets a normalization function to all flag sets and also to child commands.
// The user should not have a cyclic dependency on commands.
func (c *Command) SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(n func(f *flag.FlagSet, name string) flag.NormalizedName) {
@ -405,6 +423,19 @@ func (c *Command) HelpTemplate() string {
{{end}}{{if or .Runnable .HasSubCommands}}{{.UsageString}}{{end}}`
}
// VersionTemplate return version template for the command.
func (c *Command) VersionTemplate() string {
if c.versionTemplate != "" {
return c.versionTemplate
}
if c.HasParent() {
return c.parent.VersionTemplate()
}
return `{{with .Name}}{{printf "%s " .}}{{end}}{{printf "version %s" .Version}}
`
}
func hasNoOptDefVal(name string, fs *flag.FlagSet) bool {
flag := fs.Lookup(name)
if flag == nil {
@ -474,13 +505,14 @@ func argsMinusFirstX(args []string, x string) []string {
return args
}
func isFlagArg(arg string) bool {
return ((len(arg) >= 3 && arg[1] == '-') ||
(len(arg) >= 2 && arg[0] == '-' && arg[1] != '-'))
}
// Find the target command given the args and command tree
// Meant to be run on the highest node. Only searches down.
func (c *Command) Find(args []string) (*Command, []string, error) {
if c == nil {
return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Called find() on a nil Command")
}
var innerfind func(*Command, []string) (*Command, []string)
innerfind = func(c *Command, innerArgs []string) (*Command, []string) {
@ -489,28 +521,11 @@ func (c *Command) Find(args []string) (*Command, []string, error) {
return c, innerArgs
}
nextSubCmd := argsWOflags[0]
matches := make([]*Command, 0)
for _, cmd := range c.commands {
if cmd.Name() == nextSubCmd || cmd.HasAlias(nextSubCmd) { // exact name or alias match
cmd := c.findNext(nextSubCmd)
if cmd != nil {
return innerfind(cmd, argsMinusFirstX(innerArgs, nextSubCmd))
}
if EnablePrefixMatching {
if strings.HasPrefix(cmd.Name(), nextSubCmd) { // prefix match
matches = append(matches, cmd)
}
for _, x := range cmd.Aliases {
if strings.HasPrefix(x, nextSubCmd) {
matches = append(matches, cmd)
}
}
}
}
// only accept a single prefix match - multiple matches would be ambiguous
if len(matches) == 1 {
return innerfind(matches[0], argsMinusFirstX(innerArgs, argsWOflags[0]))
}
return c, innerArgs
}
@ -538,6 +553,66 @@ func (c *Command) findSuggestions(arg string) string {
return suggestionsString
}
func (c *Command) findNext(next string) *Command {
matches := make([]*Command, 0)
for _, cmd := range c.commands {
if cmd.Name() == next || cmd.HasAlias(next) {
return cmd
}
if EnablePrefixMatching && cmd.hasNameOrAliasPrefix(next) {
matches = append(matches, cmd)
}
}
if len(matches) == 1 {
return matches[0]
}
return nil
}
// Traverse the command tree to find the command, and parse args for
// each parent.
func (c *Command) Traverse(args []string) (*Command, []string, error) {
flags := []string{}
inFlag := false
for i, arg := range args {
switch {
// A long flag with a space separated value
case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--") && !strings.Contains(arg, "="):
// TODO: this isn't quite right, we should really check ahead for 'true' or 'false'
inFlag = !hasNoOptDefVal(arg[2:], c.Flags())
flags = append(flags, arg)
continue
// A short flag with a space separated value
case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "-") && !strings.Contains(arg, "=") && len(arg) == 2 && !shortHasNoOptDefVal(arg[1:], c.Flags()):
inFlag = true
flags = append(flags, arg)
continue
// The value for a flag
case inFlag:
inFlag = false
flags = append(flags, arg)
continue
// A flag without a value, or with an `=` separated value
case isFlagArg(arg):
flags = append(flags, arg)
continue
}
cmd := c.findNext(arg)
if cmd == nil {
return c, args, nil
}
if err := c.ParseFlags(flags); err != nil {
return nil, args, err
}
return cmd.Traverse(args[i+1:])
}
return c, args, nil
}
// SuggestionsFor provides suggestions for the typedName.
func (c *Command) SuggestionsFor(typedName string) []string {
suggestions := []string{}
@ -575,10 +650,8 @@ func (c *Command) Root() *Command {
return c
}
// ArgsLenAtDash will return the length of f.Args at the moment when a -- was
// found during arg parsing. This allows your program to know which args were
// before the -- and which came after. (Description from
// https://godoc.org/github.com/spf13/pflag#FlagSet.ArgsLenAtDash).
// ArgsLenAtDash will return the length of c.Flags().Args at the moment
// when a -- was found during args parsing.
func (c *Command) ArgsLenAtDash() int {
return c.Flags().ArgsLenAtDash()
}
@ -592,9 +665,10 @@ func (c *Command) execute(a []string) (err error) {
c.Printf("Command %q is deprecated, %s\n", c.Name(), c.Deprecated)
}
// initialize help flag as the last point possible to allow for user
// initialize help and version flag at the last point possible to allow for user
// overriding
c.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
c.InitDefaultVersionFlag()
err = c.ParseFlags(a)
if err != nil {
@ -611,7 +685,27 @@ func (c *Command) execute(a []string) (err error) {
return err
}
if helpVal || !c.Runnable() {
if helpVal {
return flag.ErrHelp
}
// for back-compat, only add version flag behavior if version is defined
if c.Version != "" {
versionVal, err := c.Flags().GetBool("version")
if err != nil {
c.Println("\"version\" flag declared as non-bool. Please correct your code")
return err
}
if versionVal {
err := tmpl(c.OutOrStdout(), c.VersionTemplate(), c)
if err != nil {
c.Println(err)
}
return err
}
}
if !c.Runnable() {
return flag.ErrHelp
}
@ -645,6 +739,9 @@ func (c *Command) execute(a []string) (err error) {
c.PreRun(c, argWoFlags)
}
if err := c.validateRequiredFlags(); err != nil {
return err
}
if c.RunE != nil {
if err := c.RunE(c, argWoFlags); err != nil {
return err
@ -713,7 +810,12 @@ func (c *Command) ExecuteC() (cmd *Command, err error) {
args = c.args
}
cmd, flags, err := c.Find(args)
var flags []string
if c.TraverseChildren {
cmd, flags, err = c.Traverse(args)
} else {
cmd, flags, err = c.Find(args)
}
if err != nil {
// If found parse to a subcommand and then failed, talk about the subcommand
if cmd != nil {
@ -725,6 +827,7 @@ func (c *Command) ExecuteC() (cmd *Command, err error) {
}
return c, err
}
err = cmd.execute(flags)
if err != nil {
// Always show help if requested, even if SilenceErrors is in
@ -756,6 +859,25 @@ func (c *Command) ValidateArgs(args []string) error {
return c.Args(c, args)
}
func (c *Command) validateRequiredFlags() error {
flags := c.Flags()
missingFlagNames := []string{}
flags.VisitAll(func(pflag *flag.Flag) {
requiredAnnotation, found := pflag.Annotations[BashCompOneRequiredFlag]
if !found {
return
}
if (requiredAnnotation[0] == "true") && !pflag.Changed {
missingFlagNames = append(missingFlagNames, pflag.Name)
}
})
if len(missingFlagNames) > 0 {
return fmt.Errorf(`required flag(s) "%s" not set`, strings.Join(missingFlagNames, `", "`))
}
return nil
}
// InitDefaultHelpFlag adds default help flag to c.
// It is called automatically by executing the c or by calling help and usage.
// If c already has help flag, it will do nothing.
@ -772,6 +894,27 @@ func (c *Command) InitDefaultHelpFlag() {
}
}
// InitDefaultVersionFlag adds default version flag to c.
// It is called automatically by executing the c.
// If c already has a version flag, it will do nothing.
// If c.Version is empty, it will do nothing.
func (c *Command) InitDefaultVersionFlag() {
if c.Version == "" {
return
}
c.mergePersistentFlags()
if c.Flags().Lookup("version") == nil {
usage := "version for "
if c.Name() == "" {
usage += "this command"
} else {
usage += c.Name()
}
c.Flags().Bool("version", false, usage)
}
}
// InitDefaultHelpCmd adds default help command to c.
// It is called automatically by executing the c or by calling help and usage.
// If c already has help command or c has no subcommands, it will do nothing.
@ -803,8 +946,9 @@ Simply type ` + c.Name() + ` help [path to command] for full details.`,
c.AddCommand(c.helpCommand)
}
// ResetCommands used for testing.
// ResetCommands delete parent, subcommand and help command from c.
func (c *Command) ResetCommands() {
c.parent = nil
c.commands = nil
c.helpCommand = nil
c.parentsPflags = nil
@ -921,6 +1065,9 @@ func (c *Command) UseLine() string {
} else {
useline = c.Use
}
if c.DisableFlagsInUseLine {
return useline
}
if c.HasAvailableFlags() && !strings.Contains(useline, "[flags]") {
useline += " [flags]"
}
@ -970,15 +1117,12 @@ func (c *Command) DebugFlags() {
// Name returns the command's name: the first word in the use line.
func (c *Command) Name() string {
if c.name == "" {
name := c.Use
i := strings.Index(name, " ")
if i >= 0 {
name = name[:i]
}
c.name = name
}
return c.name
return name
}
// HasAlias determines if a given string is an alias of the command.
@ -991,7 +1135,21 @@ func (c *Command) HasAlias(s string) bool {
return false
}
// NameAndAliases returns string containing name and all aliases
// hasNameOrAliasPrefix returns true if the Name or any of aliases start
// with prefix
func (c *Command) hasNameOrAliasPrefix(prefix string) bool {
if strings.HasPrefix(c.Name(), prefix) {
return true
}
for _, alias := range c.Aliases {
if strings.HasPrefix(alias, prefix) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// NameAndAliases returns a list of the command name and all aliases
func (c *Command) NameAndAliases() string {
return strings.Join(append([]string{c.Name()}, c.Aliases...), ", ")
}
@ -1077,7 +1235,7 @@ func (c *Command) HasAvailableSubCommands() bool {
}
}
// the command either has no sub comamnds, or no available (non deprecated/help/hidden)
// the command either has no sub commands, or no available (non deprecated/help/hidden)
// sub commands
return false
}
@ -1131,6 +1289,9 @@ func (c *Command) LocalFlags() *flag.FlagSet {
c.lflags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
}
c.lflags.SortFlags = c.Flags().SortFlags
if c.globNormFunc != nil {
c.lflags.SetNormalizeFunc(c.globNormFunc)
}
addToLocal := func(f *flag.Flag) {
if c.lflags.Lookup(f.Name) == nil && c.parentsPflags.Lookup(f.Name) == nil {
@ -1155,6 +1316,10 @@ func (c *Command) InheritedFlags() *flag.FlagSet {
}
local := c.LocalFlags()
if c.globNormFunc != nil {
c.iflags.SetNormalizeFunc(c.globNormFunc)
}
c.parentsPflags.VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
if c.iflags.Lookup(f.Name) == nil && local.Lookup(f.Name) == nil {
c.iflags.AddFlag(f)
@ -1180,7 +1345,7 @@ func (c *Command) PersistentFlags() *flag.FlagSet {
return c.pflags
}
// ResetFlags is used in testing.
// ResetFlags deletes all flags from command.
func (c *Command) ResetFlags() {
c.flagErrorBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
c.flagErrorBuf.Reset()
@ -1188,6 +1353,10 @@ func (c *Command) ResetFlags() {
c.flags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
c.pflags = flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
c.pflags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
c.lflags = nil
c.iflags = nil
c.parentsPflags = nil
}
// HasFlags checks if the command contains any flags (local plus persistent from the entire structure).
@ -1263,6 +1432,9 @@ func (c *Command) ParseFlags(args []string) error {
return nil
}
if c.flagErrorBuf == nil {
c.flagErrorBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
}
beforeErrorBufLen := c.flagErrorBuf.Len()
c.mergePersistentFlags()
err := c.Flags().Parse(args)
@ -1297,6 +1469,10 @@ func (c *Command) updateParentsPflags() {
c.parentsPflags.SortFlags = false
}
if c.globNormFunc != nil {
c.parentsPflags.SetNormalizeFunc(c.globNormFunc)
}
c.Root().PersistentFlags().AddFlagSet(flag.CommandLine)
c.VisitParents(func(parent *Command) {

1536
command_test.go
View file

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load diff

157
doc/cmd_test.go
View file

@ -1,145 +1,86 @@
package doc
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"runtime"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
var flagb1, flagb2, flagb3, flagbr, flagbp bool
var flags1, flags2a, flags2b, flags3 string
var flagi1, flagi2, flagi3, flagir int
func emptyRun(*cobra.Command, []string) {}
const strtwoParentHelp = "help message for parent flag strtwo"
const strtwoChildHelp = "help message for child flag strtwo"
func init() {
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("rootflag", "r", "two", "")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("strtwo", "t", "two", "help message for parent flag strtwo")
var cmdEcho = &cobra.Command{
echoCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("strone", "s", "one", "help message for flag strone")
echoCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolP("persistentbool", "p", false, "help message for flag persistentbool")
echoCmd.Flags().IntP("intone", "i", 123, "help message for flag intone")
echoCmd.Flags().BoolP("boolone", "b", true, "help message for flag boolone")
timesCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("strtwo", "t", "2", "help message for child flag strtwo")
timesCmd.Flags().IntP("inttwo", "j", 234, "help message for flag inttwo")
timesCmd.Flags().BoolP("booltwo", "c", false, "help message for flag booltwo")
printCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("strthree", "s", "three", "help message for flag strthree")
printCmd.Flags().IntP("intthree", "i", 345, "help message for flag intthree")
printCmd.Flags().BoolP("boolthree", "b", true, "help message for flag boolthree")
echoCmd.AddCommand(timesCmd, echoSubCmd, deprecatedCmd)
rootCmd.AddCommand(printCmd, echoCmd)
}
var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "root",
Short: "Root short description",
Long: "Root long description",
Run: emptyRun,
}
var echoCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "echo [string to echo]",
Aliases: []string{"say"},
Short: "Echo anything to the screen",
Long: `an utterly useless command for testing.`,
Long: "an utterly useless command for testing",
Example: "Just run cobra-test echo",
}
var cmdEchoSub = &cobra.Command{
var echoSubCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "echosub [string to print]",
Short: "second sub command for echo",
Long: `an absolutely utterly useless command for testing gendocs!.`,
Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {},
Long: "an absolutely utterly useless command for testing gendocs!.",
Run: emptyRun,
}
var cmdDeprecated = &cobra.Command{
var timesCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "times [# times] [string to echo]",
SuggestFor: []string{"counts"},
Short: "Echo anything to the screen more times",
Long: `a slightly useless command for testing.`,
Run: emptyRun,
}
var deprecatedCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "deprecated [can't do anything here]",
Short: "A command which is deprecated",
Long: `an absolutely utterly useless command for testing deprecation!.`,
Deprecated: "Please use echo instead",
}
var cmdTimes = &cobra.Command{
Use: "times [# times] [string to echo]",
SuggestFor: []string{"counts"},
Short: "Echo anything to the screen more times",
Long: `a slightly useless command for testing.`,
PersistentPreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {},
Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {},
}
var cmdPrint = &cobra.Command{
var printCmd = &cobra.Command{
Use: "print [string to print]",
Short: "Print anything to the screen",
Long: `an absolutely utterly useless command for testing.`,
}
var cmdRootNoRun = &cobra.Command{
Use: "cobra-test",
Short: "The root can run its own function",
Long: "The root description for help",
}
var cmdRootSameName = &cobra.Command{
Use: "print",
Short: "Root with the same name as a subcommand",
Long: "The root description for help",
}
var cmdRootWithRun = &cobra.Command{
Use: "cobra-test",
Short: "The root can run its own function",
Long: "The root description for help",
}
var cmdSubNoRun = &cobra.Command{
Use: "subnorun",
Short: "A subcommand without a Run function",
Long: "A long output about a subcommand without a Run function",
}
var cmdVersion1 = &cobra.Command{
Use: "version",
Short: "Print the version number",
Long: `First version of the version command`,
}
var cmdVersion2 = &cobra.Command{
Use: "version",
Short: "Print the version number",
Long: `Second version of the version command`,
}
func flagInit() {
cmdEcho.ResetFlags()
cmdPrint.ResetFlags()
cmdTimes.ResetFlags()
cmdRootNoRun.ResetFlags()
cmdRootSameName.ResetFlags()
cmdRootWithRun.ResetFlags()
cmdSubNoRun.ResetFlags()
cmdRootNoRun.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags2a, "strtwo", "t", "two", strtwoParentHelp)
cmdEcho.Flags().IntVarP(&flagi1, "intone", "i", 123, "help message for flag intone")
cmdTimes.Flags().IntVarP(&flagi2, "inttwo", "j", 234, "help message for flag inttwo")
cmdPrint.Flags().IntVarP(&flagi3, "intthree", "i", 345, "help message for flag intthree")
cmdEcho.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags1, "strone", "s", "one", "help message for flag strone")
cmdEcho.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&flagbp, "persistentbool", "p", false, "help message for flag persistentbool")
cmdTimes.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags2b, "strtwo", "t", "2", strtwoChildHelp)
cmdPrint.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags3, "strthree", "s", "three", "help message for flag strthree")
cmdEcho.Flags().BoolVarP(&flagb1, "boolone", "b", true, "help message for flag boolone")
cmdTimes.Flags().BoolVarP(&flagb2, "booltwo", "c", false, "help message for flag booltwo")
cmdPrint.Flags().BoolVarP(&flagb3, "boolthree", "b", true, "help message for flag boolthree")
cmdVersion1.ResetFlags()
cmdVersion2.ResetFlags()
}
func initializeWithRootCmd() *cobra.Command {
cmdRootWithRun.ResetCommands()
flagInit()
cmdRootWithRun.Flags().BoolVarP(&flagbr, "boolroot", "b", false, "help message for flag boolroot")
cmdRootWithRun.Flags().IntVarP(&flagir, "introot", "i", 321, "help message for flag introot")
return cmdRootWithRun
}
func checkStringContains(t *testing.T, found, expected string) {
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
logErr(t, found, expected)
func checkStringContains(t *testing.T, got, expected string) {
if !strings.Contains(got, expected) {
t.Errorf("Expected to contain: \n %v\nGot:\n %v\n", expected, got)
}
}
func checkStringOmits(t *testing.T, found, expected string) {
if strings.Contains(found, expected) {
logErr(t, found, expected)
func checkStringOmits(t *testing.T, got, expected string) {
if strings.Contains(got, expected) {
t.Errorf("Expected to not contain: \n %v\nGot: %v", expected, got)
}
}
func logErr(t *testing.T, found, expected string) {
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
_, _, line, ok := runtime.Caller(2)
if ok {
fmt.Fprintf(out, "Line: %d ", line)
}
fmt.Fprintf(out, "Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
t.Errorf(out.String())
}

145
doc/man_docs_test.go
View file

@ -18,135 +18,97 @@ func translate(in string) string {
}
func TestGenManDoc(t *testing.T) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
// Need two commands to run the command alphabetical sort
cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes, cmdEchoSub, cmdDeprecated)
c.AddCommand(cmdPrint, cmdEcho)
cmdRootWithRun.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags2a, "rootflag", "r", "two", strtwoParentHelp)
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
header := &GenManHeader{
Title: "Project",
Section: "2",
}
// We generate on a subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
if err := GenMan(cmdEcho, header, out); err != nil {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := GenMan(echoCmd, header, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
found := out.String()
output := buf.String()
// Make sure parent has - in CommandPath() in SEE ALSO:
parentPath := cmdEcho.Parent().CommandPath()
parentPath := echoCmd.Parent().CommandPath()
dashParentPath := strings.Replace(parentPath, " ", "-", -1)
expected := translate(dashParentPath)
expected = expected + "(" + header.Section + ")"
checkStringContains(t, found, expected)
checkStringContains(t, output, expected)
// Our description
expected = translate(cmdEcho.Name())
checkStringContains(t, found, expected)
// Better have our example
expected = translate(cmdEcho.Name())
checkStringContains(t, found, expected)
// A local flag
expected = "boolone"
checkStringContains(t, found, expected)
// persistent flag on parent
expected = "rootflag"
checkStringContains(t, found, expected)
// We better output info about our parent
expected = translate(cmdRootWithRun.Name())
checkStringContains(t, found, expected)
// And about subcommands
expected = translate(cmdEchoSub.Name())
checkStringContains(t, found, expected)
unexpected := translate(cmdDeprecated.Name())
checkStringOmits(t, found, unexpected)
// auto generated
expected = translate("Auto generated")
checkStringContains(t, found, expected)
checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoCmd.Name()))
checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoCmd.Name()))
checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
checkStringContains(t, output, "rootflag")
checkStringContains(t, output, translate(rootCmd.Name()))
checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoSubCmd.Name()))
checkStringOmits(t, output, translate(deprecatedCmd.Name()))
checkStringContains(t, output, translate("Auto generated"))
}
func TestGenManNoGenTag(t *testing.T) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
// Need two commands to run the command alphabetical sort
cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes, cmdEchoSub, cmdDeprecated)
c.AddCommand(cmdPrint, cmdEcho)
cmdRootWithRun.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags2a, "rootflag", "r", "two", strtwoParentHelp)
cmdEcho.DisableAutoGenTag = true
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
echoCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true
defer func() { echoCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = false }()
header := &GenManHeader{
Title: "Project",
Section: "2",
}
// We generate on a subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
if err := GenMan(cmdEcho, header, out); err != nil {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := GenMan(echoCmd, header, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
found := out.String()
output := buf.String()
unexpected := translate("#HISTORY")
checkStringOmits(t, found, unexpected)
checkStringOmits(t, output, unexpected)
}
func TestGenManSeeAlso(t *testing.T) {
noop := func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {}
rootCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
aCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "aaa", Run: emptyRun, Hidden: true} // #229
bCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "bbb", Run: emptyRun}
cCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "ccc", Run: emptyRun}
rootCmd.AddCommand(aCmd, bCmd, cCmd)
top := &cobra.Command{Use: "top", Run: noop}
aaa := &cobra.Command{Use: "aaa", Run: noop, Hidden: true} // #229
bbb := &cobra.Command{Use: "bbb", Run: noop}
ccc := &cobra.Command{Use: "ccc", Run: noop}
top.AddCommand(aaa, bbb, ccc)
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
header := &GenManHeader{}
if err := GenMan(top, header, out); err != nil {
if err := GenMan(rootCmd, header, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(buf)
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(out)
if err := AssertLineFound(scanner, ".SH SEE ALSO"); err != nil {
t.Fatal(fmt.Errorf("Couldn't find SEE ALSO section header: %s", err.Error()))
if err := assertLineFound(scanner, ".SH SEE ALSO"); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Couldn't find SEE ALSO section header: %v", err)
}
if err := AssertNextLineEquals(scanner, ".PP"); err != nil {
t.Fatal(fmt.Errorf("First line after SEE ALSO wasn't break-indent: %s", err.Error()))
if err := assertNextLineEquals(scanner, ".PP"); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("First line after SEE ALSO wasn't break-indent: %v", err)
}
if err := AssertNextLineEquals(scanner, `\fBtop\-bbb(1)\fP, \fBtop\-ccc(1)\fP`); err != nil {
t.Fatal(fmt.Errorf("Second line after SEE ALSO wasn't correct: %s", err.Error()))
if err := assertNextLineEquals(scanner, `\fBroot\-bbb(1)\fP, \fBroot\-ccc(1)\fP`); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Second line after SEE ALSO wasn't correct: %v", err)
}
}
func TestManPrintFlagsHidesShortDeperecated(t *testing.T) {
cmd := &cobra.Command{}
flags := cmd.Flags()
flags.StringP("foo", "f", "default", "Foo flag")
flags.MarkShorthandDeprecated("foo", "don't use it no more")
c := &cobra.Command{}
c.Flags().StringP("foo", "f", "default", "Foo flag")
c.Flags().MarkShorthandDeprecated("foo", "don't use it no more")
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
manPrintFlags(out, flags)
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
manPrintFlags(buf, c.Flags())
got := buf.String()
expected := "**--foo**=\"default\"\n\tFoo flag\n\n"
if out.String() != expected {
t.Fatalf("Expected %s, but got %s", expected, out.String())
if got != expected {
t.Errorf("Expected %v, got %v", expected, got)
}
}
func TestGenManTree(t *testing.T) {
cmd := &cobra.Command{
Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2",
}
c := &cobra.Command{Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2"}
header := &GenManHeader{Section: "2"}
tmpdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "test-gen-man-tree")
if err != nil {
@ -154,7 +116,7 @@ func TestGenManTree(t *testing.T) {
}
defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
if err := GenManTree(cmd, header, tmpdir); err != nil {
if err := GenManTree(c, header, tmpdir); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("GenManTree failed: %s", err.Error())
}
@ -167,7 +129,7 @@ func TestGenManTree(t *testing.T) {
}
}
func AssertLineFound(scanner *bufio.Scanner, expectedLine string) error {
func assertLineFound(scanner *bufio.Scanner, expectedLine string) error {
for scanner.Scan() {
line := scanner.Text()
if line == expectedLine {
@ -176,30 +138,29 @@ func AssertLineFound(scanner *bufio.Scanner, expectedLine string) error {
}
if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("AssertLineFound: scan failed: %s", err.Error())
return fmt.Errorf("scan failed: %s", err)
}
return fmt.Errorf("AssertLineFound: hit EOF before finding %#v", expectedLine)
return fmt.Errorf("hit EOF before finding %v", expectedLine)
}
func AssertNextLineEquals(scanner *bufio.Scanner, expectedLine string) error {
func assertNextLineEquals(scanner *bufio.Scanner, expectedLine string) error {
if scanner.Scan() {
line := scanner.Text()
if line == expectedLine {
return nil
}
return fmt.Errorf("AssertNextLineEquals: got %#v, not %#v", line, expectedLine)
return fmt.Errorf("got %v, not %v", line, expectedLine)
}
if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("AssertNextLineEquals: scan failed: %s", err.Error())
return fmt.Errorf("scan failed: %v", err)
}
return fmt.Errorf("AssertNextLineEquals: hit EOF before finding %#v", expectedLine)
return fmt.Errorf("hit EOF before finding %v", expectedLine)
}
func BenchmarkGenManToFile(b *testing.B) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
@ -209,7 +170,7 @@ func BenchmarkGenManToFile(b *testing.B) {
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
if err := GenMan(c, nil, file); err != nil {
if err := GenMan(rootCmd, nil, file); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
}

4
doc/md_docs.go
View file

@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func GenMarkdownCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer, linkHandler func(string)
buf.WriteString("## " + name + "\n\n")
buf.WriteString(short + "\n\n")
buf.WriteString("### Synopsis\n\n")
buf.WriteString("\n" + long + "\n\n")
buf.WriteString(long + "\n\n")
if cmd.Runnable() {
buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("```\n%s\n```\n\n", cmd.UseLine()))
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func GenMarkdownCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer, linkHandler func(string)
return err
}
if hasSeeAlso(cmd) {
buf.WriteString("### SEE ALSO\n")
buf.WriteString("### SEE ALSO\n\n")
if cmd.HasParent() {
parent := cmd.Parent()
pname := parent.CommandPath()

94
doc/md_docs_test.go
View file

@ -5,100 +5,51 @@ import (
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
func TestGenMdDoc(t *testing.T) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
// Need two commands to run the command alphabetical sort
cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes, cmdEchoSub, cmdDeprecated)
c.AddCommand(cmdPrint, cmdEcho)
cmdRootWithRun.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags2a, "rootflag", "r", "two", strtwoParentHelp)
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
// We generate on s subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
if err := GenMarkdown(cmdEcho, out); err != nil {
// We generate on subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents.
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := GenMarkdown(echoCmd, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
found := out.String()
output := buf.String()
// Our description
expected := cmdEcho.Long
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// Better have our example
expected = cmdEcho.Example
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// A local flag
expected = "boolone"
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// persistent flag on parent
expected = "rootflag"
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// We better output info about our parent
expected = cmdRootWithRun.Short
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// And about subcommands
expected = cmdEchoSub.Short
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
unexpected := cmdDeprecated.Short
if strings.Contains(found, unexpected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nFound: %v\nBut should not have!!\n", unexpected)
}
checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Long)
checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Example)
checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
checkStringContains(t, output, "rootflag")
checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Short)
checkStringContains(t, output, echoSubCmd.Short)
checkStringOmits(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Short)
}
func TestGenMdNoTag(t *testing.T) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
// Need two commands to run the command alphabetical sort
cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes, cmdEchoSub, cmdDeprecated)
c.AddCommand(cmdPrint, cmdEcho)
c.DisableAutoGenTag = true
cmdRootWithRun.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags2a, "rootflag", "r", "two", strtwoParentHelp)
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true
defer func() { rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = false }()
if err := GenMarkdown(c, out); err != nil {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := GenMarkdown(rootCmd, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
found := out.String()
unexpected := "Auto generated"
checkStringOmits(t, found, unexpected)
output := buf.String()
checkStringOmits(t, output, "Auto generated")
}
func TestGenMdTree(t *testing.T) {
cmd := &cobra.Command{
Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2",
}
c := &cobra.Command{Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2"}
tmpdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "test-gen-md-tree")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Failed to create tmpdir: %s", err.Error())
t.Fatalf("Failed to create tmpdir: %v", err)
}
defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
if err := GenMarkdownTree(cmd, tmpdir); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("GenMarkdownTree failed: %s", err.Error())
if err := GenMarkdownTree(c, tmpdir); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("GenMarkdownTree failed: %v", err)
}
if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(tmpdir, "do.md")); err != nil {
@ -107,7 +58,6 @@ func TestGenMdTree(t *testing.T) {
}
func BenchmarkGenMarkdownToFile(b *testing.B) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
@ -117,7 +67,7 @@ func BenchmarkGenMarkdownToFile(b *testing.B) {
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
if err := GenMarkdown(c, file); err != nil {
if err := GenMarkdown(rootCmd, file); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
}

185
doc/rest_docs.go Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
//Copyright 2015 Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package doc
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"io"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"sort"
"strings"
"time"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
func printOptionsReST(buf *bytes.Buffer, cmd *cobra.Command, name string) error {
flags := cmd.NonInheritedFlags()
flags.SetOutput(buf)
if flags.HasFlags() {
buf.WriteString("Options\n")
buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~\n\n::\n\n")
flags.PrintDefaults()
buf.WriteString("\n")
}
parentFlags := cmd.InheritedFlags()
parentFlags.SetOutput(buf)
if parentFlags.HasFlags() {
buf.WriteString("Options inherited from parent commands\n")
buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n\n::\n\n")
parentFlags.PrintDefaults()
buf.WriteString("\n")
}
return nil
}
// linkHandler for default ReST hyperlink markup
func defaultLinkHandler(name, ref string) string {
return fmt.Sprintf("`%s <%s.rst>`_", name, ref)
}
// GenReST creates reStructured Text output.
func GenReST(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer) error {
return GenReSTCustom(cmd, w, defaultLinkHandler)
}
// GenReSTCustom creates custom reStructured Text output.
func GenReSTCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer, linkHandler func(string, string) string) error {
cmd.InitDefaultHelpCmd()
cmd.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
name := cmd.CommandPath()
short := cmd.Short
long := cmd.Long
if len(long) == 0 {
long = short
}
ref := strings.Replace(name, " ", "_", -1)
buf.WriteString(".. _" + ref + ":\n\n")
buf.WriteString(name + "\n")
buf.WriteString(strings.Repeat("-", len(name)) + "\n\n")
buf.WriteString(short + "\n\n")
buf.WriteString("Synopsis\n")
buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~~\n\n")
buf.WriteString("\n" + long + "\n\n")
if cmd.Runnable() {
buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("::\n\n %s\n\n", cmd.UseLine()))
}
if len(cmd.Example) > 0 {
buf.WriteString("Examples\n")
buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~~\n\n")
buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("::\n\n%s\n\n", indentString(cmd.Example, " ")))
}
if err := printOptionsReST(buf, cmd, name); err != nil {
return err
}
if hasSeeAlso(cmd) {
buf.WriteString("SEE ALSO\n")
buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~~\n\n")
if cmd.HasParent() {
parent := cmd.Parent()
pname := parent.CommandPath()
ref = strings.Replace(pname, " ", "_", -1)
buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("* %s \t - %s\n", linkHandler(pname, ref), parent.Short))
cmd.VisitParents(func(c *cobra.Command) {
if c.DisableAutoGenTag {
cmd.DisableAutoGenTag = c.DisableAutoGenTag
}
})
}
children := cmd.Commands()
sort.Sort(byName(children))
for _, child := range children {
if !child.IsAvailableCommand() || child.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
continue
}
cname := name + " " + child.Name()
ref = strings.Replace(cname, " ", "_", -1)
buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("* %s \t - %s\n", linkHandler(cname, ref), child.Short))
}
buf.WriteString("\n")
}
if !cmd.DisableAutoGenTag {
buf.WriteString("*Auto generated by spf13/cobra on " + time.Now().Format("2-Jan-2006") + "*\n")
}
_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
return err
}
// GenReSTTree will generate a ReST page for this command and all
// descendants in the directory given.
// This function may not work correctly if your command names have `-` in them.
// If you have `cmd` with two subcmds, `sub` and `sub-third`,
// and `sub` has a subcommand called `third`, it is undefined which
// help output will be in the file `cmd-sub-third.1`.
func GenReSTTree(cmd *cobra.Command, dir string) error {
emptyStr := func(s string) string { return "" }
return GenReSTTreeCustom(cmd, dir, emptyStr, defaultLinkHandler)
}
// GenReSTTreeCustom is the the same as GenReSTTree, but
// with custom filePrepender and linkHandler.
func GenReSTTreeCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, dir string, filePrepender func(string) string, linkHandler func(string, string) string) error {
for _, c := range cmd.Commands() {
if !c.IsAvailableCommand() || c.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
continue
}
if err := GenReSTTreeCustom(c, dir, filePrepender, linkHandler); err != nil {
return err
}
}
basename := strings.Replace(cmd.CommandPath(), " ", "_", -1) + ".rst"
filename := filepath.Join(dir, basename)
f, err := os.Create(filename)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer f.Close()
if _, err := io.WriteString(f, filePrepender(filename)); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := GenReSTCustom(cmd, f, linkHandler); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
// adapted from: https://github.com/kr/text/blob/main/indent.go
func indentString(s, p string) string {
var res []byte
b := []byte(s)
prefix := []byte(p)
bol := true
for _, c := range b {
if bol && c != '\n' {
res = append(res, prefix...)
}
res = append(res, c)
bol = c == '\n'
}
return string(res)
}

114
doc/rest_docs.md Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
# Generating ReStructured Text Docs For Your Own cobra.Command
Generating ReST pages from a cobra command is incredibly easy. An example is as follows:
```go
package main
import (
"log"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
)
func main() {
cmd := &cobra.Command{
Use: "test",
Short: "my test program",
}
err := doc.GenReSTTree(cmd, "/tmp")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
```
That will get you a ReST document `/tmp/test.rst`
## Generate ReST docs for the entire command tree
This program can actually generate docs for the kubectl command in the kubernetes project
```go
package main
import (
"log"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd"
cmdutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd/util"
"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
)
func main() {
kubectl := cmd.NewKubectlCommand(cmdutil.NewFactory(nil), os.Stdin, ioutil.Discard, ioutil.Discard)
err := doc.GenReSTTree(kubectl, "./")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
```
This will generate a whole series of files, one for each command in the tree, in the directory specified (in this case "./")
## Generate ReST docs for a single command
You may wish to have more control over the output, or only generate for a single command, instead of the entire command tree. If this is the case you may prefer to `GenReST` instead of `GenReSTTree`
```go
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
err := doc.GenReST(cmd, out)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
```
This will write the ReST doc for ONLY "cmd" into the out, buffer.
## Customize the output
Both `GenReST` and `GenReSTTree` have alternate versions with callbacks to get some control of the output:
```go
func GenReSTTreeCustom(cmd *Command, dir string, filePrepender func(string) string, linkHandler func(string, string) string) error {
//...
}
```
```go
func GenReSTCustom(cmd *Command, out *bytes.Buffer, linkHandler func(string, string) string) error {
//...
}
```
The `filePrepender` will prepend the return value given the full filepath to the rendered ReST file. A common use case is to add front matter to use the generated documentation with [Hugo](http://gohugo.io/):
```go
const fmTemplate = `---
date: %s
title: "%s"
slug: %s
url: %s
---
`
filePrepender := func(filename string) string {
now := time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
name := filepath.Base(filename)
base := strings.TrimSuffix(name, path.Ext(name))
url := "/commands/" + strings.ToLower(base) + "/"
return fmt.Sprintf(fmTemplate, now, strings.Replace(base, "_", " ", -1), base, url)
}
```
The `linkHandler` can be used to customize the rendered links to the commands, given a command name and reference. This is useful while converting rst to html or while generating documentation with tools like Sphinx where `:ref:` is used:
```go
// Sphinx cross-referencing format
linkHandler := func(name, ref string) string {
return fmt.Sprintf(":ref:`%s <%s>`", name, ref)
}
```

76
doc/rest_docs_test.go Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
package doc
import (
"bytes"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"testing"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
func TestGenRSTDoc(t *testing.T) {
// We generate on a subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := GenReST(echoCmd, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
output := buf.String()
checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Long)
checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Example)
checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
checkStringContains(t, output, "rootflag")
checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Short)
checkStringContains(t, output, echoSubCmd.Short)
checkStringOmits(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Short)
}
func TestGenRSTNoTag(t *testing.T) {
rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true
defer func() { rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = false }()
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := GenReST(rootCmd, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
output := buf.String()
unexpected := "Auto generated"
checkStringOmits(t, output, unexpected)
}
func TestGenRSTTree(t *testing.T) {
c := &cobra.Command{Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2"}
tmpdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "test-gen-rst-tree")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Failed to create tmpdir: %s", err.Error())
}
defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
if err := GenReSTTree(c, tmpdir); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("GenReSTTree failed: %s", err.Error())
}
if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(tmpdir, "do.rst")); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Expected file 'do.rst' to exist")
}
}
func BenchmarkGenReSTToFile(b *testing.B) {
file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
defer os.Remove(file.Name())
defer file.Close()
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
if err := GenReST(rootCmd, file); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
}
}

87
doc/yaml_docs_test.go
View file

@ -5,92 +5,42 @@ import (
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
func TestGenYamlDoc(t *testing.T) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
// Need two commands to run the command alphabetical sort
cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes, cmdEchoSub, cmdDeprecated)
c.AddCommand(cmdPrint, cmdEcho)
cmdRootWithRun.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags2a, "rootflag", "r", "two", strtwoParentHelp)
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
// We generate on s subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
if err := GenYaml(cmdEcho, out); err != nil {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := GenYaml(echoCmd, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
found := out.String()
output := buf.String()
// Our description
expected := cmdEcho.Long
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// Better have our example
expected = cmdEcho.Example
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// A local flag
expected = "boolone"
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// persistent flag on parent
expected = "rootflag"
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// We better output info about our parent
expected = cmdRootWithRun.Short
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
// And about subcommands
expected = cmdEchoSub.Short
if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
}
unexpected := cmdDeprecated.Short
if strings.Contains(found, unexpected) {
t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nFound: %v\nBut should not have!!\n", unexpected)
}
checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Long)
checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Example)
checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
checkStringContains(t, output, "rootflag")
checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Short)
checkStringContains(t, output, echoSubCmd.Short)
}
func TestGenYamlNoTag(t *testing.T) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
// Need two commands to run the command alphabetical sort
cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes, cmdEchoSub, cmdDeprecated)
c.AddCommand(cmdPrint, cmdEcho)
c.DisableAutoGenTag = true
cmdRootWithRun.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&flags2a, "rootflag", "r", "two", strtwoParentHelp)
out := new(bytes.Buffer)
rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true
defer func() { rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = false }()
if err := GenYaml(c, out); err != nil {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := GenYaml(rootCmd, buf); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
found := out.String()
unexpected := "Auto generated"
checkStringOmits(t, found, unexpected)
output := buf.String()
checkStringOmits(t, output, "Auto generated")
}
func TestGenYamlTree(t *testing.T) {
cmd := &cobra.Command{
Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2",
}
c := &cobra.Command{Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2"}
tmpdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "test-gen-yaml-tree")
if err != nil {
@ -98,7 +48,7 @@ func TestGenYamlTree(t *testing.T) {
}
defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
if err := GenYamlTree(cmd, tmpdir); err != nil {
if err := GenYamlTree(c, tmpdir); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("GenYamlTree failed: %s", err.Error())
}
@ -108,7 +58,6 @@ func TestGenYamlTree(t *testing.T) {
}
func BenchmarkGenYamlToFile(b *testing.B) {
c := initializeWithRootCmd()
file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
@ -118,7 +67,7 @@ func BenchmarkGenYamlToFile(b *testing.B) {
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
if err := GenYaml(c, file); err != nil {
if err := GenYaml(rootCmd, file); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
}

20
zsh_completions.go
View file

@ -4,17 +4,29 @@ import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"io"
"os"
"strings"
)
// GenZshCompletionFile generates zsh completion file.
func (c *Command) GenZshCompletionFile(filename string) error {
outFile, err := os.Create(filename)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer outFile.Close()
return c.GenZshCompletion(outFile)
}
// GenZshCompletion generates a zsh completion file and writes to the passed writer.
func (cmd *Command) GenZshCompletion(w io.Writer) error {
func (c *Command) GenZshCompletion(w io.Writer) error {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
writeHeader(buf, cmd)
maxDepth := maxDepth(cmd)
writeHeader(buf, c)
maxDepth := maxDepth(c)
writeLevelMapping(buf, maxDepth)
writeLevelCases(buf, maxDepth, cmd)
writeLevelCases(buf, maxDepth, c)
_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
return err

7
zsh_completions_test.go
View file

@ -77,10 +77,11 @@ func TestZshCompletion(t *testing.T) {
t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
tc.root.GenZshCompletion(buf)
completion := buf.String()
output := buf.String()
for _, expectedExpression := range tc.expectedExpressions {
if !strings.Contains(completion, expectedExpression) {
t.Errorf("expected completion to contain '%v' somewhere; got '%v'", expectedExpression, completion)
if !strings.Contains(output, expectedExpression) {
t.Errorf("Expected completion to contain %q somewhere; got %q", expectedExpression, output)
}
}
})